Orthopedics

The Department of Orthopedics (also known as Orthopedic Surgery) specializes in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders related to the musculoskeletal system. This complex system includes bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, tendons, and nerves—all the structures that enable the body to move and stay stable.

Orthopedic surgeons treat a wide variety of conditions. These include acute injuries such as fractures (broken bones), dislocations, and sports-related injuries like ACL tears or rotator cuff injuries. They also manage chronic conditions like arthritis (osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis), osteoporosis, back pain, and herniated discs. Congenital conditions such as scoliosis (curvature of the spine) and developmental dysplasia of the hip are also within their scope.

Diagnosis in orthopedics typically involves physical examination and imaging studies. X-rays are the most common tool for viewing bone structure, while CT scans provide more detailed images. MRI is particularly useful for evaluating soft tissues like ligaments, tendons, and cartilage.

Treatment approaches range from conservative management to surgical intervention. Non-surgical treatments include medications, physical therapy, bracing, and injections. When surgery is needed, orthopedic surgeons perform procedures ranging from fracture repair and arthroscopic surgery (using small incisions and a camera) to joint replacements (such as hip or knee replacement) and spinal surgeries. The goal of orthopedics is to restore function, relieve pain, and help patients return to their daily activities and mobility.